In the language of fashion, 'knitwear' and 'fabric' are often confused. Both are born from the thread, but their construction and behavior are completely different. Understanding how they stand out is essential for those who design, develop or produce clothing: it changes the fit, performance, sustainability and even the perception of the garment. With this guide we want to offer a clear and technical overview, useful to designers, product developers and brands who wish to consciously choose between the two main families of materials in the fashion world.
Download our PDF guideHow they are built: two techniques, two logics
Knitwear
Knitwear comes from a single continuous thread that forms a series of intertwined rings. It is a three-dimensional and flexible structure, naturally elastic, that adapts to the shapes of the body and accompanies its movements.
Knitting machines such as Shima Seiki/Stoll they allow you to create panels or garments that are already shaped (Full-fashioned), minimizing waste and improving fit.
It is worth remembering that the term knitwear includes more processing techniques: cropped jersey, loose-fitting knit, wholegarment knit and circular knit (jersey).
Each of these has different characteristics and applications, which we will explore in the next articles of Knit Glossary.
Fabric
The fabric, on the other hand, comes from the intertwining of two distinct thread systems: Warp (vertical) and woof (horizontal), which cross each other perpendicularly on a frame.
The result is a compact and stable surface, ideal for structured garments such as shirts, jackets or tailored pants.
In summary: knitwear is made 'in rings', the fabric 'in crosses'. The first is born in volume, the second on a floor.
Property and behavior compared
Knitwear lives with the wearer; the fabric maintains the shape given to it.
Applications and intended use
Each technique has specific functions and meets different needs.
When to choose knitwear
Perfect for garments that require softness, comfort and freedom of movement:
- T-shirts, polos and tops
- Sweaters, cardigans and turtlenecks
- Loungewear, sportswear and activewear
When to prefer fabric
Ideal for garments that require structure and line precision:
- Shirts and pants
- Tailored blazers, jackets and outerwear
- Technical clothing and accessories
In a complete wardrobe, the two categories coexist: knitwear dresses the body, the fabric defines its shape.
Sustainability and production cycle
One of the most important advantages of knitwear is the ability to make garments To zero waste, especially with the technique Full-fashioned or Wholegarment.
Each panel, or even the entire garment, is produced in its final shape without the need for cutting, drastically reducing material waste.
The fabric, on the other hand, always requires a cutting step to obtain the model, inevitably generating waste and a greater consumption of resources.
With a view to circular and sustainable design, knitwear represents one of the most efficient solutions consistent with the principles of contemporary Made in Italy.
Conclusion
Knitwear and fabric represent two complementary production approaches:
the first is fluid and dynamic, the second structured and stable.
Knowing their differences means designing more consistent, functional and sustainable garments.
In Max Company Every day we combine research, innovation and tradition to transform yarn into tailor-made solutions for high-end brands.
From concept to final production, we accompany designers in the development of knitwear collections that combine creative value and operational reliability.
Do you want to know more?
Find out how our team can support you in the technical-creative development of your next knitwear collection.
